DENOL PSP

The following recommendations are given as indications, which must be adapted to each case by their own tests in field conditions.

• Vat dyes:
• Stock vat: The stability of stock vat solutions can be considerably improved by the addition of 3 -8 g/l DENOL PSP. The product should be added to the dye dispersion before it is vatted.
• Jigger: To improve the stability of the dye-bath, an addition of 2 g/l DENOL PSP is recommended. It prevents acid vat stains, i.e. when vat blue dyes are used.
• Circulating liquor machines and winchbecks: To prevent dyestuff precipitation and filtration by the fabric an addition of 1- 3 g/l DENOL PSP is made.
• Pad-steam process:
• – 2 g/l DENOL PSP in the chemical pad prevents the agglomeration of loose dye particles in the bath.
• – After steaming, DENOL PSP makes it easier to remove the unfixed dye.
• – As an important addition during the oxidation of vat dyes, DENOL PSP prevent the agglomeration and filtration of newly formed insoluble pigments in the oxidation bath.
•  Indigo:
• Stock vat liquor:
• The addition of 3 – 6 g/l DENOL PSP to the stock vat solution improves the process safety and prevents faulty dyeing.
• Disperse dyes:
• – Application rate: 0.5-2g/I DENOL PSP.
  The type of dye preparation used determines the amount of product used.
• – When using liquid disperse dyes with low amounts of dispersing agent, an addition of DENOL PSP is particularly important to maintain the stability of the dye dispersion and ensure process safety during the whole dyeing process.
• – In short liquor dyeing (Jigger), the application rate is increased, because here the risk of agglomeration is higher. During the dyeing process, DENOL PSP not only stabilizes the dye dispersions, it also prevents the agglomeration of the dye particles that remain behind in the liquor when the bath cools down.
• Naphtol dyestuffs:
  For the stabilization of Naphtol ground padding baths 1 – 3 g/l DENOL PSP is added.
• Disperse dyestuffs:
• DENOL PSP is particularly recommended for clearing prints made with disperse dyes on blends of acetate and/triacetate and polyamide. It prevents transfer of the dye to the polyamide component during washing.
  Application rate: 1 -1.5 g/l DENOL PSP.
• Basic dyestuffs:
  Due to its anionic nature DENOL PSP has an affinity to cationic dyes and is often used as an additive in clearing baths.
  Application rate: 0.5 -1 g/l DENOL PSP.

The recipes as given above are for guidance only and recipe recommendations in individual cases must be adapted to field conditions.